Despite advances in medical technology, many couples struggle with conceiving or maintaining a long-term pregnancy, even after undergoing treatments like IVF and IUI. Dr. Smitha Jayadev explains that various factors could be contributing to these issues. For women, difficulties might arise from problems with egg generation, ovulation, or issues with the uterus that hinder fertilization and pregnancy. For men, challenges may include poor sperm motility, low sperm count, or abnormalities in sperm morphology.