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World Hypertension Day 2025

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World Hypertension Day is observed on May 17 every year to raise awareness about hypertension or high blood pressure (BP). The 2025 theme, “Measure Your Blood Pressure Accurately, Control It, Live Longer”, emphasises the significance of accurate BP monitoring and effective management strategies to reduce complications and promote longevity.
World Hypertension Day

Understanding Hypertension

Hypertension is one of the complex conditions that can cause severe complications by affecting the vital organs such as the kidney, brain, eye, or heart. Predisposing it to an increased risk of stroke and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), it ranks highest. In India, hypertension is directly responsible for nearly 40% of deaths due to stroke and 25% of deaths due to CHD. Due to its dangerous consequences, hypertension earns the name silent killer, as, in its mild and moderate phases, it rarely produces characteristic symptoms. As many as 85% of patients show no symptoms.

This increasing prevalence of hypertension is attributed to modernisation and associated lifestyle changes, faulty food habits, and stressful psychosocial conditions. In approximately 95% of cases, the exact cause of so-called essential hypertension is unexplained; however, genetic and environmental factors are inferred to be involved.

Ayurveda Perspective on Hypertension

In Ayurveda, there’s no exact term for hypertension. However, conditions as Raktagata Vata, Siragata Vata, or Vyana Prakopa, primarily involving Rakta (blood) and the vascular system, resemble hypertension. It is often viewed as a Tridoshaja Vyadhi — a disease resulting from imbalances in all three Doshas, with Vata Dosha playing a central role.

Ayurveda physiology assigns circulation to Vyana Vata, with Prana Vata governing the functions of the nervous system, such as heart rhythm. Avalambaka Kapha provides structural integrity to the heart and blood vessels and is associated with diastolic pressure. Dysfunction of these Doshas, usually resulting from inappropriate lifestyle or emotional stress, results in pathological alterations of the Srotas (canals), bringing about the pathogenesis of hypertension.

Risk Factors for Hypertension

Ayurveda states that Nidanas (causative factors) increase Doshas and set the stage for disease. Risk factors associated with some of them are:
  • Spicy food and high salt
  • Alcohol and smoking
  • Psychological tension, anxiety, anger, and fear
  • Low calcium and potassium intake
  • Lack of physical exercise
  • Obesity and hyperlipidemia
  • Hereditary predisposition

Controlling High BP – The Ayurveda Approach

The first step mentioned in Ayurveda is avoiding causative factors or Nidana Parivarjana. This is done through lifestyle and dietary changes, which have a curative and preventive approach. Compliance with Dinacharya and Ritucharya, in addition to various dietary regimens, assists in controlling hypertension.
The treatment regimen is customised depending on the involvement of the client’s Dosha and Dhatu, which include:
Governing Vata’s activity, plus balancing all three Doshas, Rasa and Rakta Prasadana (bloodletting) in addition to the negative control of lipids.

Panchakarma Therapies for Hypertension Management

As Hypertension is manifested as a complex interplay of doshas, Panchakarma therapies are required to bring back the balance and prevent progression. Shodhana Chikitsa aims at eliminating toxins and balancing Dosha, particularly useful in chronic or deeply-rooted cases.
1. Virechana (Purgation) aids in cleansing the liver and intestines, particularly helpful in conditions characterised by excess heat or blood impurities.
2. Vasti (Enema) affects Vata imbalance, promotes colon health, and normalises the nervous system and blood circulation.
3. Shirodhara (Liquid streaming over forehead) is a soothing therapy in which warm liquids are poured on the forehead to decrease stress and aid autonomic balance.
4. Rakta Mokshana (Bloodletting) can be applied selectively to alleviate congestion and heat in blood-related disorders. These therapies are performed under medical supervision with adequate preparation and follow-up care.
5. Shamana Chikitsa (Palliative Therapy) – A milder approach directed towards soothing imbalanced Doshas through internal and external means.

Suitable for those not detoxifying.
Utilises herbal remedies, dietary adjustments, and lifestyle modifications to regulate blood pressure.
Stresses a balanced daily schedule, stress minimisation, and rejuvenation techniques.
Best suited for initial phases of hypertension, maintenance, or post-detox recovery.

Hypertension Diet in Ayurveda

Dietary management is a crucial aspect in controlling high BP. Important Ayurveda dietary advice include:
  • Following a Vata and Pitta pacifying diet
  • Consuming cooling and hydrating foods like cucumber, watermelon, and leafy greens
  • Avoiding salty, spicy and oily foods
  • Flavouring the food with turmeric, coriander, garlic, cumin, ginger and other spices.
  •  Drinking a lot of fluids and having regular meal times
  • Increasing Agni (digestive fire) with easy-to-digest foods, like green gram
Ayurveda’s effective home remedies for high blood pressure include:
  • Stress management with yoga, meditation, and relaxation techniques like Yoga Nidra
  • Refraining from stimulants, eating late at night, and overexertion.
  • Non-pharmacological management of BP, such as Yoga, is integral to the approach.
Methods useful for Controlling High BP are:
  • Bhramari Pranayama (humming breath): Decreases BP and heart rate
  • Anuloma-Viloma (alternate nostril breathing): Balances nervous function
  • Yoga Nidra: Causes deep relaxation
  • Mindful meditation decreases stress and anxiety
  • Relaxing Asanas such as Vajrasana, Makarasana, Shavasana
Trataka (focused gazing): Increases mental clarity and decreases sympathetic activity

Conclusion

Ayurveda considers Hypertension as a condition caused by Tridosha disturbance, vitiation of Dhatu, especially Rakta (blood), Srotas involvement, Kriyakala, and Avarana. The whole approach of Ayurveda focuses on finding out the root cause and pathogenesis to consider treatment.
On World Hypertension Day 2025, it’s time to look beyond numbers. An integrated approach helps you manage blood pressure and live better, longer. Alongside lifestyle changes, suitable diet, timely medications, detoxification via Shodhana, and alleviating stress through Yoga and meditation, the patient may look at Balancing Doshas that form energies for imbalances that cause hypertension and are predisposed to its aggravation and complications. Ayurveda completely covers the management of hypertension in actual disease and prevention of aneurysms for long-term health and wellness. Remember, personalised advice and treatments must always be sought from a qualified healthcare professional or Ayurveda practitioner regarding your case.

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References

Sharma, N et al. (2023). AYURVEDIC INSIGHTS: UNDERSTANDING THE PATHOGENESIS AND NATURAL MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION. International Ayurvedic Medical Journal. link
KodapeDattatray, T et al. (2017). PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION W. S. R. TO AYURVEDA. International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research, 5. link
Karanja, N et al. (2004). The DASH diet for high blood pressure: from clinical trial to dinner table. Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine, 71(9), 745-53. link
Pungaliya, R et al. (2023). Hypertension – An Ayurvedic approach. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences. link
Agrawal, M et al. (2010). Herbal remedies for treatment of hypertension. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 1, 1-21. link
What is the theme for World Hypertension Day 2025?
The theme for World Hypertension Day is “Measure Your Blood Pressure Accurately, Control It, Live Longer.”
What is the normal BP range according to Ayurveda?
Ayurveda doesn't quantify BP in mm Hg but focuses on balanced Dosha function, proper Vata circulation, and unobstructed Srotas (channels) to maintain healthy blood pressure. However, with modern integration, Ayurveda also accepts 120/80 mmHg as optimal.
What is the objective of Hypertension Day?
To raise global awareness about hypertension, promote accurate BP measurement, and encourage prevention, early detection, and control to reduce associated health risks.
Is 140/90 BP curable?
It is manageable and reversible through lifestyle changes, stress reduction, diet, and natural therapies — especially if caught early.
How can I bring my BP down quickly?
Try deep breathing (e.g., Bhramari pranayama), lie down in a calm space, drink lukewarm water, and avoid stimulants like caffeine or salt-rich foods temporarily. Always consult a doctor if BP is persistently high.

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