The thyroid gland, or simply the thyroid is an endocrine gland in the neck, consisting of two lobes connected by an isthmus. It is found at the front of the neck, below the Adam’s apple. The thyroid gland secretes thyroid hormones, which primarily influence the metabolic rate and protein synthesis. The hormones also have many other effects including those on
development. The thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) are created from iodine and tyrosine.
Thyroid diseases sometimes result from inappropriate TSH levels, or may be caused by problems in the thyroid gland itself.
The most common causes of :
1. Hypothyroidism is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
2. Hyperthyroidism. Is Graves’ disease
Hypothyroidism results in low levels of T4 and T3 in the blood. Not having enough T4 and T3 in the blood causes your metabolism to slow down.
Hyperthyroidism results in high levels of T4 and T3 circulating in the blood. These hormones speed up your metabolism. Some of the most common symptoms include:
If thyroid problem is not treated properly, serious health problems can result.
1. Eye problems such as bulging eyes, blurred or double vision or even vision loss
2. Heart problems, such as Tachycardia, Arrhythmia, or heart failure
3. Osteoporosis or Osteopenia
4. Red, swollen skin on the shins and feet.
5. Thyrotoxic crisis leading to fever, Tachycardia, and delirium
1. Goitre (enlarged thyroid), which may cause problems with swallowing and breathing
2. Hypercholesteremia
3. Nerve damage causing numbness and pain in the arms, legs.
4. Infertility
5. Birth defects
6. Miscarriage or Premature birth
7. Mental illness such as Depression
8. Myxedema
Selection of appropriate laboratory determinations will enable the clinician to diagnose thyroid dysfunction readily in the majority of patients. At the present time, estimation of free thyroxine and a “sensitive” thyrotropin assay are recommended as the principal laboratory tests for thyroid disease. A decrease in serum free thyroxine estimate and a raised level of serum thyrotropin confirm the diagnosis of hypothyroidism caused by thyroid gland failure. An increase in free thyroxine estimate combined with a serum sensitive thyrotropin level suppressed to less than 0.1 mU/L establishes the diagnosis of. An understanding of the regulation of the thyroid hormone system and/or judicious consultation with an endocrinologist should enable the clinician to diagnose thyroid disease, if present, in such patients.
High-resolution Ultrasonography (USG) is the most sensitive imaging modality available for examination of the thyroid gland and associated abnormalities. Ultrasound scanning is non-invasive, widely available, less expensive, and does not use any ionizing radiation. Further, real time ultrasound imaging helps to guide diagnostic and therapeutic interventional procedures in cases of thyroid disease. The major limitation of ultrasound in thyroid imaging is that it cannot determine thyroid function, i.e., whether the thyroid gland is underactive, overactive, or normal in function; for which a blood test or radioactive isotope uptake test is generally required.
All solitary or dominant nodules of 1 cm or above in diameter should be evaluated by FNAC.FNAC is preferred to Thyroid USG as a preliminary test for assessing thyroid nodules.
Hypothyroidism is considered as a Kapha- Vata dominant Dosha imbalance in the body with a diminished agni (Mandagni) leading to irrational transformations including Atistoulya.
Hyperthyroidism is considered as a Pitta – Vata dominant Dosha imbalance in the body with Unstable agni (Agni vaishamya) leading to Dhatukshaya such as emaciation, Increased heart rate, Weight loss.
The treatment modality for Hypothyroidism includes Kapha Vatahara and Atisthoulya Chikitsa like Rookshopachara, Swedanam, Virechanam and Vasti for strengthening Agni.
Hyperthyroidism treatment focus on stabilizing the Agni depending on presenting complaints with treatments such as Snehapanam, Swedanam, Virechanam and Vasti.
These treatments are carried out considering the Prakriti, Dosha- Dhatu- Mala status and the risk factors of the individual.
AyurVAID can help every patient suffering from various thyroid dysfunctions and structural abnormalities by customized medical management.
AyurVAID mainly focus on root cause management with Classical Panchakarma treatments. The Dosha predominance is considered before making the customized treatment plan. The outcome is tracked periodically based on which the follow-up plans are made. Diet, medication and lifestyle modification are recommended for sustained normal functioning of the Thyroid gland.
*Outcome may vary from patient to patient
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